我并没有直接引用。内容全都是间接引用journal的内容从而得出的观点，我已经加上in-text citation了。
结论就是来源于资料里面的 答案提及的精神分裂的病情引发的治疗，就业等，以及第二题里面提到的患者面对的社会问题会引发更多成本问题。
（1）Discuss how the health impacts of Schizophrenia can affect a patient’s quality of life.
Human rights abuses frequently occur in community settings and mental health facilities for people with schizophrenia. Extremely pervasive stigmatization of those with the condition causes social exclusion and negatively impacts their connections with others, particularly those with family and friends. Discrimination may ensue from this, which could obstruct patients’ access to general healthcare, education, housing, and career possibilities。
Extreme stress and worry, a breakdown in social support, isolation, and disruptions in medical services and drug supply may happen during humanitarian and public health catastrophes. Schizophrenia sufferers may experience effects from these changes, such as an aggravation of current symptoms. Schizophrenia patients are more susceptible than others to a range of human rights abuses during crises, such as abuse, neglect, abandonment, homelessness, and rejection. （Galuppi , Turola , Nanni , Mazzoni, Grassi， 2010）
（2）From a health economics perspective, discuss how we can measure the effects and impacts that Schizophrenia can have on a patient.
It should include the patient’s medical condition, the social status and economic impact of the disease on the patient, and cover health-related and non-health-related factors such as work, family, environment and other living conditions. In general, it is to measure the objective indicators of life, the patient’s self-concept, emotional balance and mental symptoms and other factors, as well as the impact on the patient’s subjective quality of life. （Bobes,Garcia Bascaran, Bousoño ，2007）
（3）In relation to health economics cost taxonomy, explore the costs that are incurred by Schizophrenia, and who bears these costs?
In addition to long-term costs associated with chronic disease, the costs of schizophrenia include direct costs like statutory health insurance and the price of medical services, indirect costs like lost wages and the price of initial treatment for younger patients, and long-term costs associated with the disease. Others, including the high rate of homelessness, might be connected to social exclusion, stigma, and the strain of being a caretaker; schizophrenia-related violence might increase the cost of law enforcement, accidents, and property damage. The public and society at large are responsible for covering these costs. （Chong, Teoh,Wu ， Kotirum, Chiou, Chaiyakunapruk， 2016）
References:
Bobes J, Garcia-Portilla MP, Bascaran MT, Saiz PA, Bousoño M. Quality of life in schizophrenic patients. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2007;9(2):215-26. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2007.9.2/jbobes. PMID: 17726919; PMCID: PMC3181847.
Chong HY, Teoh SL, Wu DB, Kotirum S, Chiou CF, Chaiyakunapruk N. Global economic burden of schizophrenia: a systematic review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016 Feb 16;12:357-73. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S96649. PMID: 26937191; PMCID: PMC4762470
Galuppi A, Turola MC, Nanni MG, Mazzoni P, Grassi L. Schizophrenia and quality of life: how important are symptoms and functioning? Int J Ment Health Syst. 2010 Dec 8;4:31. doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-4-31. PMID: 21143871; PMCID: PMC3016370.
